INTEGRITY-MOÇAMBIQUE, 10 de Outubro de 2022-O mundo está prestes a enfrentar “uma quinta vaga de crise de dívida”, alertou o presidente do Banco Mundial (BM), David Malpass, ao lançar um apelo para apoio aos países em dificuldades.
A pandemia forçou muitos países a contrair mais empréstimos e o Banco Mundial e o Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI) advertiram que muitos já enfrentam ou correm o risco de contrair dívida no meio de uma inflação global em alta e taxas de juro crescentes.
“Estou preocupado com os níveis da dívida” disse Malpass numa conferência de imprensa online.
De acordo com o presidente do Banco Mundial, só em 2022, cerca de 44 mil milhões de dólares de dívida, detidos pelo sector privado ou por outros Estados, venceram, em vários países pobres, um montante superior à ajuda internacional que esses países recebem.
“Neste momento estamos no meio do que eu penso ser uma quinta vaga da crise da dívida”, apontou.
Falando dias antes dos decisores políticos se reunirem em Washington para as reuniões anuais do FMI e do Banco Mundial, Malpass apelou a uma “transparência mais radical” por parte dos credores e mutuários sobre os níveis da dívida.
Há muito que se apela à China, um dos maiores credores das nações de baixos rendimentos, para que seja mais disponível para os empréstimos e mais activa nos esforços de reestruturação da dívida.
“Neste momento estamos no meio do que eu penso ser uma quinta vaga da crise da dívida”
Os comentários de David Malpass surgem num momento difícil para a economia mundial, que se debate com uma inflação e taxas de juro crescentes, que ameaçam o mundo inteiro, com o perigo de fazer descarrilar as recuperações emergentes.
Alguns observadores alertaram par ao facto de os aumentos agressivos das taxas de juro por parte das grandes economias poderem desencadear uma recessão global, mas os decisores políticos afirmam que permitir que a alta inflação se instale seria ainda pior.
“É muito importante, ao enfrentarmos estas crises financeiras em todo o mundo em desenvolvimento, que reconheçamos a suprema importância das economias avançadas em termos de avançar para um ambiente de crescimento mais rápido”, disse Malpass. Os países em desenvolvimento também precisam de mais fluxos de capital e, embora o Banco Mundial esteja a expandir a ajuda aos países, isso “simplesmente não é suficiente”, acrescentou o responsável.
Segundo o Banco Mundial, verificaram-se quatro ondas de acumulação de dívida na economia global desde 1970, que provocaram crises financeiras em muitas economias emergentes e em desenvolvimento. (Fonte: Diário Económico)
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